Is 136 MPGe Possible with Toyota Prius Plug-In Hybrid?

By Eric Loveday · September 13, 2012

Toyota Prius Plug-In

In the hands of the right individual, the 2012 Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid is capable of returning an impressive 136 MPGe. Of course, it takes just the right driving cycle and a careful foot on the accelerator pedal.

As everybody knows, your mileage may vary. But Toyota is keen to point out that one Prius Plug-in owner is consistently getting 136 MPGe. "I commute 31 miles each way to work," said Bay Area PIP-driver Rich Stephens. "I have put about 4,000 miles on my Prius Plug-in, equally split between gas and EV, and so far the average mileage shown on the computer is 136 MPGe. With a full charge, my estimated EV range on the dash started at 12.9, dipped slowly to 11.3 as I was learning how best to drive, but has gone back up now to 12.5 miles and continues to climb. In the mornings, even when it is cool, I can drive more than 14 miles in EV mode on the freeway."

Other owners are reporting up to 120 MPGe, which isn't bad for a vehicle that's officially rated at 95 MPGe. But it's the Prius Plug-in's ability to return 50 miles per gallon (combined) in hybrid mode that has most owners most excited. This means that even when electricity is depleted, the plug-in Prius is a very fuel-efficient gas-burning vehicle.

According to Toyota, sales of the Prius Plug-in have exceeded 6,000 units in its first six months on the market here in the US.

With 6,000 units tallied, Toyota is ready to taunt its plug-in competitors. The company said that half-year sales of the Prius Plug-in far exceed that of the Chevy Volt (2,745 units sold in its first six months) and the Nissan LEAF (3,875 units). Toyota claims that it offers a more competitive, complete and accessible package, earning customers due to the Prius Plug-in Hybrid's "fuel economy, how the Plug-in dispels range anxiety of pure electrics and the value that the Prius Plug-in represents."

Comments

· Bill Howland (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

I hope the plug-in Prius does well. All I can say to Toyota is that you should have done this ten years ago, but better late than never. And since PIPrius owners will be such great ambassadors for plugging in, they will no doubt cause their neighbors to look at Chevy Volts, Focus Ev's, Mitsubishi IMievs and Leafs.

In talking to people around my area, the biggest concern is PLUGGING IN. They just haven't done it ever with a car before. People are naturally skeptical of new things, but when they see how easy it is to plug into their already existing 110 outlet, all the above cars will be sold. Especially if gas goes to $6 a gallon. Think of all the petroleum saved.

· smithjim1961 (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

The meaning of MPGe is confused with the miles per gallon of gasoline used without counting electrical energy used. I can understand this kind of confusion from the general public but I expect more from plugincars.com.

· Mike I · 39 weeks ago

@smithjim,

I agree. In this context there should be some recognized term like Net MPG - meaning the miles traveled divided by the actual gallons of gasoline consumed. MPGe on EPA Monroney labels is the miles traveled on the electrical energy equivalent to a gallon of gasoline. Totally different meaning.

· Anonymous (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

This is similar to how some Volt owners say they get a >250mpg. It's really not that complicated and I expect better from this site (mistakes happen). Its possible for a PiP to get 136mpge in electric mode if driven gently, but not with 50% gas mode.

· Scott Arnold (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

As others have said, MPGe should include electric drive into the equation. The PiP is EPA rated at 95 MPGe on electric, and far less MPG on gas. Therefore, the absolute best you can do (EPA) is 95 MPGe, and that is if you drive 100% electric. A careful driver will be able to achieve better than 95 MPGe on electric, beating the EPA rating, but I highly doubt it could go as high as 136, and certainly not when you have 50+% gas operation mixed in. Clearly, if said driver is getting 136 anything, it is 136 MPG, ignoring electric and treating those as free miles. Their actual MPGe is probably more like 75 MPGe.

· JP Roberts (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

Okay, MPGe, as described by the EPA, is determined by calculating how many miles a car can travel on electricity (or combo) compared to the cost of a gallon of gasoline. Thereby, if an EV car has an MPGe rating of 99, then the cost of electricity to go that far would be equal to a gasoline car that could get 99 miles on one gallon. Another example would be, using the 99 MPGe EV used above, a gasoline Pruis can go 50 miles on one gallon of gas that would cost approximately $3.71. The EV rated at 99 MPGe, charged with $3.71 worth of electricity, will be able to go 99 miles. Any questions?

· JP Roberts (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

Okay, MPGe, as described by the EPA, is determined by calculating how many miles a car can travel on electricity (or combo) compared to the cost of a gallon of gasoline. Thereby, if an EV car has an MPGe rating of 99, then the cost of electricity to go that far would be equal to a gasoline car that could get 99 miles on one gallon. Another example would be, using the 99 MPGe EV used above, a gasoline Pruis can go 50 miles on one gallon of gas that would cost approximately $3.71. The EV rated at 99 MPGe, charged with $3.71 worth of electricity, will be able to go 99 miles. Any questions?

· regman · 39 weeks ago

@JP Roberts,
Your explanation of MPGe is incorrect. It has nothing to do with the cost of a gallon of gas or electricity.

The MPGe is based on the energy equivalent of the gas and electricity. A gallon of gas is equivalent of 33.7 kWh (kilowatt-hours). So for example, the Leaf has a 24 kWh battery. This is equivalent of 24/33.7=0.712 gallons of gas. If a Leaf driver went 71.2 miles, the MPGe for that trip would be 71.2/0.712=100 MPGe.

The cost to drive that vehicle requires knowledge of your electric rate. If you pay 10 cents/kWh, it would cost 0.10X24 = $2.40 (actually more since charging is not 100% efficient. It should be noted that the MPGe on the label includes the losses during charging).

· grumpy (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

The PIP and Volt are fundamentally different cars because the PIP had a parallel electric/IC power train whereas the Volt is a serial system. In my experience this makes the PIP an anemic performer in electric mode, but probably a much better car for longer range driving. The Volt is a much better short range car, but it isn't a great performer once the battery is depleted. Someone should write an article that really describes the strengths and weaknesses of the different designs.

· ex-EV1 driver · 39 weeks ago

@grumpy,
Actually, the PiP and Volt have nearly identical drivetrains. Both have parallel planetary gearboxes that combine the shaft outputs from the electric motors and ICE and link them to the driveshaft. The only significant difference is that there are some clutches and brakes on some inputs to the Volt's planetary gearbox to enable disconnection or locking of them when not desired.
If the PiP is better for long trips, it would only be because it may have better gas mileage.
The main difference that I see between the PiP and the Volt is the price and the appointments. The Volt leans more toward luxury while the PiP leans toward economy.

· smithjim1961 (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

Ex-EV1 driver

"Actually, the PiP and Volt have nearly identical drivetrains."

This is simply not true.

In the Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive (HSD) MG2 is connected to the ring gear of the planetary gearset. MG1 is connected to the sun gear and the ICE is connected to the planetary carrier. The output of power to the wheels is from the ring gear.

In the Volt powertrain the traction motor is connected to the sun gear of the planetary gearset. The motor/generator, when used strictly as a motor is connected to the ring gear. The ICE in conjunction with the generator can operate in a serial hybrid mode. When operating in parallel hybrid mode the ICE and motor/generator are connected to ring gear. The power output to the wheels is from the planetary carrier.

· ex-EV1 driver · 39 weeks ago

@jim1962,
Yeah yeah. So different power sources are connected to different inputs to the planetary gearbox.
Same basic thing with a few minor creative differences in the deep details.
The Volt is still a parallel hybrid.
Your insistence that they are different only confuses people such as grumpy who think the Volt has a serial topology (gas engine feeds generator feeds electric motor feeds wheels).
Both the Volt and Prius have a parallel topology (gas engine, electric motor, generator, all feed some mechanical power converter box that feeds the wheels).
Serial -vs- parallel is mainly an architecture or topology, not a mode. Parallel topologies keep ICE companies happy because they let the transmission people have reason to exist while serial topologies are a real threat to this powerful division of any ICE company.

· smithjim1961 (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

Ex-EV1 driver,

The Volt can operate in series or parallel hybrid mode as shown in the following video.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=343-NQKOvLg

· regman · 39 weeks ago

@Ex-EV1 driver,
“Same basic thing with a few minor creative differences in the deep details.”
The differences may seem trivial to you but the architecture differences (as described by smithjim1961) between these 2 systems are significant.

Technically, both systems can be operated in both parallel (like) and series (like) modes. The architecture of the Volt allows operation of PURE series (when the ring gear is locked) which is the primary operating mode and parallel-like when the ring gear is unlocked (and the 2 other clutches are locked). I say “like” because even in this mode, the engine power passes through the generator and may split to the wheels and high voltage power during this mode. In contrast, the Toyota system (and Ford) allow operation anywhere between parallel-like and series-like modes. Again it is not pure parallel or pure series because the engine is never directly connected to the wheels but requires loading of the generator to split the engine power between the wheels and high voltage charging. If there was a brake on the generator it could operate in pure parallel mode.

The fact that the Toyota (and Ford) systems operate primarily in the parallel-like mode (when the engine is on), this system is significantly more efficient during charge sustain operation (hence the 45-50 charge sustain MPG vs. 37 MPG for the Volt). What the Toyota system gives up is a large window of operation that it can run with the engine off. Therefore, the Toyota/Ford system (for a plug-in) is better for short-range (<15-20 miles) applications and long-range (>70 miles) but the Volt is better for mid-range plug-in applications. Comparing the non plug-in Toyota/Ford a with the Volt, the Volt is more efficient below about 100 miles but less above this range.

· grumpy (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

Well there is a major practical difference. Once the battery is depleted in the Volt, you are down to 73 hp that the motor provides (83 hp minus the conversion from IC to EV). Pulling a long climb once the charge is depleted makes this very apparent. The flip-side is the Volt's performance around town. Nothing but a Tesla, has the instant throttle response and low-end torque. The PIP can't match that.

· Bill Howland, (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

One thing is for sure. GM stupidly LIED about the configuration of the VOLT, even Lieing to dealers. None of the states were fooled, which was the obvious intention. This I believe is the source of all the confusion.

I am a satisfied owner of a VOLT, but is *not* a range-extended EV when you are going 66 mph or faster and the battery is dead.

· John K. · 39 weeks ago

Will the PPi's Li ion batteries will have the same issues in hot climates (think AZ, NM, TX) like the Nissan LEAF's?

I hate how the PPi does NOT use LEDs for exterior turn signals and back up lights. Does it use LEDs for interior and dashboard lights?

· smithjim1961 (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

Bill Howland,

"One thing is for sure. GM stupidly LIED about the configuration of the VOLT, even Lieing to dealers. None of the states were fooled, which was the obvious intention. This I believe is the source of all the confusion."

I believe you are referring to the fact that the Volt is not a pure series hybrid. The Volt can operate as a series hybrid or a parallel hybrid. The parallel hybrid mode is 10 to 15 more efficient. People who think a series hybrid is more efficient are the ones who are confused.

· ex-EV1 driver · 39 weeks ago

@regman and smithjim1961,
Granted, you seem to be much more knowledgeable in the detailed design of automobiles than me or probably most people so what seems like a difference is probably greater to you than to the rest of us.
@John K,
Given the intermittant (probably much less than 1% duty cycle) of the turn signals and backup lights, I'd guess that their total energy consumption is pretty much insignificant, even with incandescent lights. To me, this is a valid design trade if they are a lot cheaper today.
As far as the affects of hot climates, I guess that will depend somewhat on how Toyota has designed the battery pack although, if left parked and unplugged for long periods of time, I suppose damage could be done unless the PiP allows the A/C to cool the pack. This, of course, might deplete the small PiP battery but I can see how it might not be too bad if it just ran to bring the pack temp down to ~100F when necessary during the day.

· Bill Howland, (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

@smithjim1961

OH yeah there's a 10 % improvement in efficiency. Definitely worthwhile doing if you're a traveling salesman and on the freeways all the time..What percentage are volt customers is hard to say.

I'm just saying I had a discussion with a dealership's 'top tech' and I stated that the ICE directly connects to the wheels above 65 mph if it is on. Told me:

"You don't know what you're talking about. The engine is merely a GENSET., besides I went to school for a week on this thing." as he goes off Snapping his Suspenders.

I said, "Oh yeah? What is the 3rd clutch for?".

Top Tech, thinking silently for 10 seconds, " You know, they never did tell us what that clutch is for, I'll have to research this further."

That was one example where the truth was hidden. Another is a radio interview I heard about the top chevy dealer in Raleigh ( I forget names ) who was arguing with a radio host who had seen correct info in a Forbes article, stating, "you are wrong, the GENSET just charges the battery only". He was lied to by his serving corporation.

@John K.

If we can name an electric car after Nikoli's Induction Motor (George Westinghouse never seems to get any credit... I think that was his name, anyways, Westinghouse did the 99% of the 1% inspiration, 99% persperation priniciple of Thomas Alva), then I'm happy to personally give a little respect to Edison's most popular invention.

The Tesla service manager asked if I wanted to change out my incandescent headlights for HID's. Besides the THEFT concern, I told him, "This car has the best hibeams of any car i've ever driven! There's 240 watts of light on the road and I can see blocks away. I love those headlights man, don't change a thing.." May Edison RIP. (Before someone tells me that quartz-iodine is a refinement after Edison, I'll respond that there are several plain TAE bulbs right near it, including 23 watt turn signals. They're Great, just like the frosted flakes).

· John K. · 39 weeks ago

Just to clarify why I hate incandescent light bulbs for use in cars, other than in headlamps: they burn out too often (due to constant vibrations?). I'm tired of having to replace them (a trip to the auto parts store/dealer, and can be a PITA to replace), and if caught w/burnt out exterior bulb, may get pulled over and annoyed by cops (wasting time then, time & money fixing it, and even more time in proving it is fixed).

Other than damage from an accident, LEDs should last for over a decade easily.

Their energy savings may help if you leave an interior light on over night, or over a weekend where you stay in.

· smithjim1961 (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

Bill Howland,

"..;OH yeah there's a 10 % improvement in efficiency. Definitely worthwhile doing if you're a traveling salesman and on the freeways all the time..What percentage are volt customers is hard to say..."

I suspect GM wanted the best MPG possible in charge sustaining mode MOSTLY because of public perception. When the EPA numbers were officially released I distinctly recall many people on sites, such as this one, who immediately criticized the Volt because the CS MPG number did not come close to the Toyota Prius.

"...I said, "Oh yeah? What is the 3rd clutch for?".

Top Tech, thinking silently for 10 seconds, " You know, they never did tell us what that clutch is for, I'll have to research this further."

That was one example where the truth was hidden..."

WOW, you can sure make a conspiracy theory out of nothing!!

Anyone who understands how a planetary gearset works can fully understand how the Volt powertrain works by viewing the following video.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=343-NQKOvLg

If you don't understand how a planetary gearset works that's understandable. Most people don't understand it including most car nuts and gear heads. But just because you don't understand precisely how the Volt powertrain works should not give you the right to call anyone a liar.

· Bill Howland, (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

@smithjim1961

Man you are hostile lately. Try to get a sense of humor about the post, as intended. And another thing you're not paying attention. The only LIAR was GM corporate. All the other people THOUGHT they were giving accurate information.

I'm guessing of course but I think GM wanted to get the various States EV discounts. The Nissan Leaf got it here in NY State, but the Volt was disqualified, because some State gov't employee rightly saw through GM's "Range Extended EV" milarky.

· Bill Howland, (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

I did watch that 2011 chevy volt Q&A! Man what a comedy hour. That blonde engineer was what we used to normally call the "Head Engineer".

When she started talking about "Planetary Reactionary Force" you could see the other engineering types cringe.. hehe. When someone asked if there is a direct mechanical connection she said there isn't because it is indirect (hehehe), or "you can call it what you want".

Of course, I suspect this is an old video and they were still worried about saying whether the engine turn on battery point was 33% or whatever it is, "WE can't say for competitive reasons"; did not mention the 66 mph trip point, (apparently only motor trend and bankers are allowed to have this info), and they were still trying to operate under the rubric of that pure EV milarky.

It was very entertaining. There were at least some people in the audience you could tell were asking questions above the blonde's head. The others on the stage knew the answers but due to the above mentioned rubric did the "Baffle with BullCrap" routine. But it was fun.

· ex-EV1 driver · 39 weeks ago

The saddest thing about that video is their assertion that electric motors become inefficient at high speeds and how there is nothing one can do about it. This seems to be a very popular mantra at GM considering I hear it from everyone. I guess it isn't too surprising considering how it validates the existence of the powertrain division. After all, Pamela Fletcher, the speaker on this video admits she's ". . . the powertrain person".
It smacks of the old adage that to a little boy with a hammer, everything looks like a nail. I guess it makes sense that the only solution to problems for a gearhead is to add more gears. All they would really have to do would be to make a larger electric motor and a different gear ratio so the electric motor wouldn't have to spin so fast to achieve the higher speeds. Electric motors definitely do get to a speed where their efficiency drops off. This means that one must match the necessary torque required to go the desired speed (torque X speed = Power so I could simply say to match the needed power) so that the efficiency was good. Instead, for some reason, GM chose to put in 2 electric motors that, even combined, are clearly too small to be efficient at the speeds they expect the Volt to run efficiently. They choose to solve the problem buy throwing in 2 extra clutches and a brake. In my naive view without the benefit of being a mechanical engineer, it seems that the addition of superfluous extra moving parts would drive the cost up and the reliability down. I guess as a large company, adding unnecessary cost isn't a big problem since they can make it up on volume? If the reliability goes down, the after-sale parts and service folks will like this too.
As someone from GM explained to an acquaintance of mine: The block diagram of the Volt looks a lot like the organization chart of GM. A serial design would not. I guess that the major job to be selected as the "Chevrolet Chief Engineer, Global Voltec & Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles", is to be able to keep all of the divisions of the large corporation happy. I suppose that means making sure they all get some money out of the sale of the vehicles and being able to spin a good story to justify it.
Isn't it nice that she is keeping so many people happy?
I love the claim that one can disengage part of the parallel power splitter into 2 mechanical systems and directly feed electricity to the power electronics system so the system can be claimed to be a serial hybrid. This is really stretching the definition of a serial hybrid. I can, however, see how a transmission expert, who's career is destined to go the way of the cooper and buggy whip maker, might grasp at the straws they're emphasizing.

· Bill Howland, (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

@ex-ev1-driver
Well, that's an honest posting. hehe... Why that Jim1961 dude flipped out on his last post is kinda funny actually. Either Tunnel Vision or arrogance. He was pulling that crap about he's the only one who knows anything. So here's a question for him: Seeing as he stated he knows everything there is to know, let's see if he knows the answer to this. I honestly don't know the answer but I suspect the smaller 55kw motor/generator has the larger number of Poles and the 110kw motor #1 has the fewest. So let's see if he knows the answer to that, or more importantly if he even knows what I'm getting at here. If he doesn't he better brush up soon otherwise he'll appear silly.

I like the fact that they've essentially made a Prius while claiming it is their design. The Prius Synergy Drive is the forerunner of this thing, and this version of the synergy drive does come from Japan, even on the 2013's. So it would be interesting if either Toyota or its suppliers are making this model for GM. So the overall falsehood of this video is that its that novel. The real innovation car-wise would have been using the infinite ratio (intrinsic with a sun gear, spider, and ring gear) used first by Toyota. But lets overlook that for the moment. I have to give credit to the designer (probably Japanese) of Motor #1. That thing (assuming 300% breakdown torque) can provide the torque of a standard 30 hp motor, and look at how physically small the thing is including 2 clutches.
As far as efficiency goes, the biggest efficiency plus they have in the unit is using 'standard' helical gearsets (also keeps things quiet). But then we have to thank either Toyota or their suppliers as mentioned above. And the end result works. Its Nissan that has egg on its face this time, and not GM.

Here's a question for you ex-EV1, because I'm sure you've thought about it: WHY did it take Toyota so long to come out with a piprius? Or were there geo-political influences or other politics involved? Anyway, better late than never. And that new RAV4 seems also like a serious product. So way to go Toyota, lets have more!

· SVL (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

I just wish they would release a plug-in edition of the hybrid Yaris, which is available in Europe. But no.

· smithjim1961 · 39 weeks ago

Bill Howland,

"...Why that Jim1961 dude flipped out on his last post is kinda funny actually. Either Tunnel Vision or arrogance..."

Sorry for the arrogance and you are correct that I'm not an electric motors expert.

· ex-EV1 driver · 39 weeks ago

@smithjim1961,
If you (or anyone else reading this) would like to experience what an electric car feels like, show up to one of the National Plug-In Day events where rides will be given in many different EVs. There will even be rides in Tesla vehicles at some (like Los Angeles).
This will give all a chance to actually see what we are talking about with this new breed of beast.
see:
http://www.plugincars.com/plug-america-gives-away-10-ipads-and-uses-inst...
and
www.pluginday.org
for more details.

· Bill Howland, (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

@smithjim1961

No worries, I've had to admit I'd overstated the case once or twice on here as well.,

· ex-EV1 driver · 39 weeks ago

@Bill Howland,
regarding "WHY did it take Toyota so long to come out with a piprius?"
Obviously, I don't know the real answer any more than I know why any other ICE company hates EVs. I can only look at their actions, other analogous examples of other industries that have been disrupted, and examine some logic to come up with a prediction. A car company is a massive organization with many fiefdoms, personalities, group-think, and biases. There probably never is any single reason for anything they do or don't do.
One thing I have been told by folks with inside info on Toyota's hybrid is that Toyota only developed the regular gas-guzzling Prius because they knew GM was developing a PHEV and feared they had to have something to counter it. They launched theirs and were surprised at how well it sold despite no marketing at all. Their marketing folks ran with it and history happened.
I have to assume that Toyota, just like GM, Ford, Nissan, Honda, and Chrysler wanted EVs to just go away. They worked just about as hard to get the RAV4EV off the road as the rest did their EVs. The difference was that when Plug-In America threatened bad publicity, with a different corporate culture, they stopped and negotiated. They agreed to to quit crushing the cars leave those that were on the road on the road until they became unrepairable. I was at the showdown in front of their Torrance CA USA headquarters that is chronicled in the movie Who "Killed the Electric Car?" when this actually happened. Unlike GM who turned on the sprinklers in Burbank, CA, Toyota sent water out to us to drink.
I assume that Toyota saw no reason to hurt their well-selling gas-guzzling Prius line until its market dominance was threatened enough to warrant the investment required to improve. The Volt threatened so they responded.

· regman · 39 weeks ago

@Bill and ex,
Rant alert!
As a person that knows these systems and has studied them in detail for over 13 years, I can say, with no offence, that you don’t know what you’re talking about. Your biggest assumption, and the basis of most of your arguments, is that the GM engineers (and management) are a bunch of idiot copycats.

Your claims that these systems (Toyota/Ford and GM) are identical is false. Both have planetary gears, 2 motors and an engine but this is the only thing that they have in common. Automatic transmissions use planetary gears but that doesn’t make it the same as a Prius. The different configurations result in a vastly different operating modes and both system have advantages/disadvantages and tradeoffs in different areas, as does a single gear pure electric drive that all EVs have. Usually, these are tradeoffs in efficiency, performance, NVH, and cost (or cost avoidance). And bigger motors/ batteries, gear ratios are not always the answer as they come at the expense of weight, cost, higher powertrain inertias, less efficient gear boxes, noisier gearboxes, durability, etc, BTW, Toyota did not invent their system. The basic configuration was patented in the early 70s by TRW, in the US. Most of Toyota’s patents are in the area of how to control this configuration (when TRW originally patented this system, knowledge of electronic controls was in its infancy)

I can also assure you that the engineers at GM (or any of the major auto companies) are not idiots that purposely make decisions which may appear to not make sense to those that don’t know the details of these systems. Again, there is no perfect system and GM’s system is an attempt to balance an all-electric drive system for 95% (my estimate) of driver’s range needs with the capability of providing extended range using a gas engine. Their tradeoff is lower efficiency charge sustain mode. The Toyota/Ford systems, with their different configuration, is designed to provide more efficient charge sustain mode at the expense of more restricted electric only operating points.

I personally do not believe that any of the manufacturers (with the exception of maybe Chrysler) are “not serious” about making plug-ins. They just have all chosen different paths depending on their risk comfort, decisions on what segments may succeed early, and capital that they are willing to spend. If you have followed my entries, you will know that I have never argued that one vehicle/company/system is better than another but rather is targeted for a certain customer. If you are not a customer that a particular vehicle works for, it doesn’t make it inferior or the company that makes it idiots. There is a reason that the Volt is currently the number one selling plug-in right now and it is not because GM took a bail out or that the volt has had some bad publicity (battery fires). It (currently) has the most appealing system, at the best price to match what consumers are willing to risk in new technology.

Disclaimer: I do not work for GM or am associated in any way to GM.

· smithjim1961 · 39 weeks ago

Ex-EV1 Driver,

Thanks for the invite but I already checked into it and there will be no NPID events close to St. Louis. I've already test driven a Volt. I didn't get to test the max acceleration because of heavy traffic.

You and I have a lot in common. We both want a future without fossil fuels. I've learned a lot from discussions with you and others on this site. Our disagreements (and disagreements with other people here) remind me of two baseball fans who have our favorite teams. We are all passionate about the same sport. When I've criticized one car or another it's like a sports fan criticizing the coach of someone else's favorite team. Of course I'm going to passionately defend my home team when they're criticized.

But I'm just in the minor leagues compared to you. So far, I've only made the small step of buying a hybrid. I respect the hell out of you for being an early adopter. I'm hoping to purchase an EV or PHEV sometime next year. It might have some clutches in it. LOL.

· Bill Howland (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

@Regman

Oh boy here we go again.

First off, its rude to say "You don't know what you're talking about", and then provide absolutely nothing concrete suporting it. I'm not going to adequately answer this since almost everyone on here says I don't know what I'm talking about at one time or another. But then after long (in my mind almost useless) conversations it is discovered I DO know more than I let on.

Specifics:

1). I've said the system is complicated. I have not said it is inefficient or it doesn't work. Please stick to what I personally have said myself.
2). Toyota came up with the first hybrid with this type of drive to my knowledge. GM is using it with the Sun, Spider and Ring in different places but you guys never see the forest for the trees. Just because something is slightly different or is used in a slightly different manner doesn't mean it is not SIMILAR. The fact that they have all come from Japan leads me to guess the design was a modification of an existing toyota design. To prove otherwise is almost impossible since manufacturers obviously reverse engineer things they haven't thought of .

2B). If you have watched those Revenge of the Electric Car movies you will remember how GM engineering teams said that making a profitable Electric Car is impossible. They had to eat their hat when Bob Lutz mentioned a couple of guys in their spare time making a car in california that went over 200 miles on a single charge and accelerated briskly.

3). The GM system is patented. If you have studied patents you will know that manufacturers make the most trivial change and patent that as if its a big deal.
4). As to incompetence, one thing I can definitely point to is the charging dock changes on some of the 120 volt Voltecs. The 4th version supplied with the 2013's is due to actions taken by me personally calling out incompetently made decisions on the 3rd version.
5). I have a 2011 volt. There are some very obvious incompetencies in the vehicle, however the synergy drive system to date seems to have been sufficiently perfected, and I'm overall satisfied with it and there are a few things I REALLY like.

So please do not broadbrush my specific statements. PLUGINCARS is a place where we are all supposed to share our knowlege and perspective. I enjoy discussions with people of other points of view, or looking at things from different angles, (GORR comes to mind for instance) but broad smearing statements don't accomplish anything. I have in the past said I disagree with others, but I point out exactly where there is my disagreement. To do otherwise is unfair and doesn't accomplish anything. So if you want to try again with something specific. Fire Away. Others read through these posts in hope of getting a feel for what is going on, so lets save their eyes for important posts.

· Bill Howland (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

@ex-ev1-driver.

Thanks, and your explanation has the ring of truth.

Ralph Nader has said GM has been coming out with EV's since the 1940's but never actually did it, leaving the obvious impression that they didn't intend to do it. And I know GM singlehandedly effectively ripped up all the totally electric street car systems in the entire USA, including a superlative system in Los Angeles. That I'm sure requires an explanation for those who haven't heard that before, but I assume you have.

The reason I heard Toyota came out with a hybrid was there was confusion as to whether GM was seriously going to come out with a hybrid. So because of a mistaken calculation GM was put in the embarrassing position of actually having to compete with a serious competitor to make a serious product, when initially they had no intention of doing so, as Ralph Nader has claimed for the past 70 years.

· ex-EV1 driver · 39 weeks ago

@Regman,
I hope that I've never suggested that GM engineers are idiots. I went to school with too many of them and have seen the fine work they have produced to believe that. I do believe that their management is dangerously short sighted just as the management of many large companies is. I believe that many of them are in desperate fear of losing their livelihood, just as many who have devoted their education and formative years have on obsolete technologies. I understand this well. My graduate education and early career experience were in using a form of technology that has become obsolete so I've had to adapt and adjust my career accordingly.
Putting a fancy gearbox in an EV, however, is not a good idea.
It will take some huge efforts to get some of them to see the light and start moving in an economical direction that does not require oil. There may be hope.
I greatly appreciate the contributions to this forum by you, Michael, smithjim1961, and the many other ICE experts who participate in this forum.

· smithjim1961 · 39 weeks ago

There is a reason I get frustrated when I hear someone say GM lied about the Volt powertrain. GM never said the Volt would be strictly a series hybrid. They may have implied it but even that is not a lie because the Volt DOES operate as a series hybrid AND it can also operate as a parallel hybrid at cruising conditions to increase efficiency. GM gave people more than they expected and people were pissed off about it.

· Brian Schwerdt · 39 weeks ago

@smithjim1961: "GM gave people more than they expected and people were pissed off about it"

I kind of get the same frustration over the whole outrage that the gasoline engine can help drive the car. If it's more efficient, isn't that a good thing? I mean, as long as you can still go full speed with the electric motor until the battery is depleted (which you can), why shouldn't they take this approach?

· Bill Howland, (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

@SmithJim1961

Well GM had some plausible deniability ala Ronald Reagan, but I've seen enough to indicate they were trying to fool primarily the States. The LIE is GM representatives have said it is NOT a plugin hybrid. That is the explicit lie. Big Dealers thought it was like a VIA, and so did the top mechanics at the Chevy Dealerships. Its all obviously to give the illusion that the engine only runs a single generator all the time it is running. All those people thought the engine was the GENSET. That was the terminology used in their training schools since I have no reason to doubt what 'top techs' have told me. Plus the early carefully chosen wording during Press conferences, etc. Leading me to only one inescapable conclusion. As I mentioned my state didn't buy it. They classified it as a Plug-in Hybrid, which it is.

I really don't see the problem. Corporations Lie all the time. Or take liberties with the truth if you prefer.

Ex: Verizon says its FIOS is 100% Fiber Optic. Not so with cable.

What's the real truth? A Fios installer will run more RG-6 than fiber optic.

Cable companies run fiber optic cable to their transverter (which they pay on their own to power) 50' away from your house, then RG-6 into the house. FIOS will be 50' longer to the side or basement of the house, then the transverter (which you power) will provide RG-6.

So the truth in this example? Fios is 99.5% fiber optic. Cable is 99.45% fiber optic. Big deal.

· ex-EV1 driver · 39 weeks ago

@Brian Schwerdt (and other ICE experts)
"as long as you can still go full speed with the electric motor until the battery is depleted (which you can), why shouldn't they take this approach?"
I agree that this is the primary performance goal and I really don't care what the topology is as long as it works well.
However, if they make the car more expensive and more awkward because of mechanical floorplanning constraints and adding superfluous junk, I don't like it. I hope that GM has a great profit margin on the Volt because it is quite expensive for what it gets you.
The floorplanning constraints are likely what causes the loss of a middle seat in back.
I'm sure most ICE automobile engineers pretty much take for granted all of the constraints levied by the ICE, including:
- exhaust out the back
- cooling from the front
- mechanically linking the ICE with the wheels
- sticking in a gas tank in a safe location
- balancing out the vehicle afterwards for good handling
I think they've done a superlative job designing ICE cars to be an outstanding trade off of the options. However, with an EV or a serial hybrid, a lot of these constraints go away so they could do even more as evidenced by the Mitsubishi iMiev and the Tesla Model S.
All this just to keep the old transmission boys (and girls) in their old jobs a little longer.
I also can't help but be suspicious that the CS (Charge Sustaining or "EV mode") mpg was sabotaged to be sure it was worse than the Chevy Cruse Eco. There is, of course, no way to prove this last accusation. After all, why does Toyota only lose 1 mpg with the PiP over the regular Prius while the Chevy Cruse hybrid (aka Volt) can't even exceed the pure ICE Cruse?
How do they mess up a hybrid drivetrain?
If you say it is the extra weight of the battery then it still seems like they've missed opportunities to recover some of the extra mass through regeneration.
Is it the performance difference?
Can someone help here?

· Bill Howland, (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

@ex-Ev1-driver

Well, I don't have much of a dog in this fight. However, If I get my druthers (you remember I asked for an option on the 2015 volts to do away with the synergy drive and 4 cylinder turbo or v8 turbo or v12 turbo "range extender" or whatever the heck 'improvement' they are planning for 2015), and at least have an option of a VIA Trucks style single motor drive with a 1 cylinder gas engine to get me out of a bind, with the largest decent battery pack they can shoehorn in there. Yes the big battery may cost more, but I would be saving the total cost of the synergy drive; 1 of the 2 inverters, and substituting only an 18 hp range extender plus a 13 kw generator (small and low cost parts). The dinky engine and simplified gear box should be much lighter than the standard package (v6 and synergy) to compensate for the heavier battery..

I repeat I only want this as an option. For those who want the v6 turbo or whatever is going to be 'standard' can have it. I would like to have the choice of having a very large battery, and not much effort or $ expended on something I need just to get me out of a bind one day a month.

· Bill Howland, (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

@ex-ev1

If I was going to be mean spirited I would say that all that heavy complication and 'designed by committee' crap they have in the current VOLT is such a joke that not only do I just cart around everything for 29 days out of the 30 day month but 30 days out of 30 I get poor battery mileage due to carting around all that junk.

But I'm not going to say the above because its too easy to throw stones. I've suggested certain simplifications and streamlining, but I doubt anyone is going to listen until competive pressure from others forces them.

The volt still has the advantage of having decent battery only range. That is the sole reason I bought it in a car that I needed that won't leave me stranded.

The plug-in-prius may be OVERALL the more intelligently designed, and synergistic combination (they are using THEIR synergy drive, after all), that they combine battery and gas in concert to give an efficient economical ride.

· smithjim1961 · 39 weeks ago

Bill Howland,

GM said the Volt would be a plug in hybrid from the beginning. Here's a January, 2007 article from Car and Driver magazine that covered the Volt story when it was just a concept car on the show circuit. It clearly states the Volt is a plug in hybrid.

http://www.caranddriver.com/news/chevrolet-volt-concept-auto-shows

and I'd like to comment on something else you said,

"...I just cart around everything for 29 days out of the 30 day month but 30 days out of 30 I get poor battery mileage due to carting around all that junk..."

The 2013 Volt gets 98 MPGe in EV mode while carting around all that junk. Compare that to the Nissan Leaf at 99 MPGe or the Ford Focus EV at 105 MPGe. It's doesn't seem like carrying the extra weight has hurt the efficiency much. The Tesla Model S does not carry the weight of an ICE and it's rated at 89 MPGe. The Rav4 EV does not carry around an ICE and gets 76 MPGe.

So you don't get the wrong idea, I like all the green cars and want them all to be successful. I would love to have a Nissan Leaf even though I've made comments about hot climate battery issues in other threads.

· Bill Howland, (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

@smithJim1961

Point taken. I was just embellishing on ex-ev1-driver's point that a chevy cruze eco is better than a chevy volt. Oh yes, no argument that the volt was always going to have an engine in it from 8 years ago. The thing that got people riled around here was the 2015 is supposedly going to have a more powerful turbo engine in it. I know originally either the volt or the cadillac version was going to have a 3 cylinder 1000cc, but a 4 cylinder naturally aspirated atkinson from Opel's Austrian plant was chosen due to poor factory utilization in Europe these days (in other words, give the engine plant something to make and not have to lay off so many soon to be mad Austrians). So a 2015 turbo powerhouse then means a beefier synergy drive, etc. They havent specified exactly what the engine is, so I was having a little fun speculating they may decide a V12 turbo is going to be the "range extension".

IF you notice my other posts the only thing I'm a fan of with Tesla's battery system is that I HOPE it is reliable. It certainly *Is NOT* efficient. Here is one place as I've stated before that the volt *shines*. Efficient at charging the battery, and efficient at holding the charge once its there.

So I suppose its not surprising that the Rav4 and Model S got attrocious mileage. They both have Tesla Batteries. As I say, If you want a low electric bill, buy a volt. A Rav4 or Model S will spin the meter probably another 20%.

· smithjim1961 · 39 weeks ago

Bill Howland,

When the Volt is in charge sustaining mode and the car is accelerating from low speeds the Volt is in series hybrid mode. Yes, the ICE does mechanically help the electric motor when it switches to parallel hybrid mode but this mode is used only during low torque cruising conditions. The only way to increase acceleration in a Volt is to increase the torque and power of the main electric motor. (Or lose some weight) A more powerful ICE will have no effect on acceleration.

It looks like the ICE in the next gen Volt will be a direct injection inline four.

http://blog.caranddriver.com/cadillac-elr-more-details-on-how-the-volt-w...

I was not trying to dis the Tesla Model S or Rav4. I think pure EVs are the best way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions when running on clean electrical energy. Wind and solar energy have 1/20 to 1/100 the greenhouse emissions of energy from coal. I don't own a plug in yet but I've decided to check the box on my electric bill that will switch me to wind energy. It will cost about $15 extra per month but I think it's well worth it.

· Bill Howland, (not verified) · 39 weeks ago

@smithJim1961

Your conclusions are correct in the current car, however reading that article you mentioned showed they are thinking about changing everything else also. This seems like reinventing the wheel to me.... The basic car right now is good enough, and If I can't have my 1 cylinder option (they'd say its too much of a major overhaul to do what I want on a small volume product, and I can accept that argument), then the ONLY thing I need is a bigger battery. So if they concentrated on improving battery density and capacity, I'd be satisfied with that. Other people want bigger chargers, etc. That's ok too.

· ex-EV1 driver · 39 weeks ago

@Bill Howland,
". . . if they concentrated on improving battery density and capacity . . .
keep dreaming.
ICE companies put their money into bigger, better ICE, not those namby-pamby electrical things. If they have a development budget they are going to spend it on the things they want and understand, not new stuff that would obsolete all of their capital equipment and people.

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